Overall objectives:

1 - Understand the fundamental concepts of measurement and their applications.
2 - Identify and characterize different types of sensors used in measurement systems.
3 - Develop knowledge of signal conditioning techniques.
4 - Explain the principles and methods of analog/digital conversion.
5 - Implement measurement systems aimed at monitoring, processing and control.
6 - Apply acquired skills in the design and development of practical solutions in measurement systems.

Syllabus:

1 - Fundamental concepts of instrumentation.
2 - Elements of analog electronics: resistors, capacitors and inductors, circuit analysis, diodes, transistors, operational amplifiers.
3 - Signals and noise, amplifiers, filters.
4 - Characterization of sensors and transducers.
5 - Elements of digital electronics, analog/digital converter.
6 - Data acquisition.
7 - Elements of control.

Literature/Sources:

Vítor Meireles , "Circuitos Eléctricos" , Lidel edições técnicas
J.A. Brandão Faria , 2013 , Análise de Circuitos , IST Press
Aurélio Campilho , 2000 , Instrumentação Electrónica. Métodos e Técnicas de Medição , FEUP Edições
A. Morris, R. Langari , 2012 , Measurement and Instrumentation , Elsevier
E. Gertz. P. Justo , 2012 , Environmental Monitoring with Arduino , O'Reilly

Assesssment methods and criteria:

Classification Type: Quantitativa (0-20)

Evaluation Methodology:
Theoretical classes are taught using expository methods. The material is presented on the board, slides, all equations and formulas are derived from first principles and a strong emphasis is placed on the connection between physical formulas and the real world. Theoretical-practical classes consist of problem-solving. Some key problems are solved on the board, but the vast majority are solved by students independently, with individual help from the teacher whenever necessary. Practical classes consist of experiments in the laboratory and on the computer. Types of laboratory activities: Exercises, activities to acquire awareness of phenomena, illustrative activities, experiments aimed at determining what happens, Predict-Observe-Explain-Reflect (with laboratory procedures included). List of laboratory work: PL1 - Construction of analogue measuring instruments: ammeter, voltmeter and ohmmeter. PL2 - Construction of digital measuring instruments: ammeter, voltmeter and ohmmeter. PL3 - Introduction to Arduino. PL4 - Construction of voltage rectifiers: half wave, full wave. PL5 - Construction of filters with exclusively passive components. PL6 - Construction of higher order filters. PL7 - Construction of transducers. PL8 - Reading data and communication protocols. PL9 - Amplification of signals. PL10 - Visualization of data on a device with Bluetooth/display. PL11 - Use of GPS to obtain location data from a sensor. PL12 - Power supply through a solar panel. PL13 - Power supply from a capacitor. PL14 - Creation of a sensor network. Evaluation Model: B. Assessment Methodology: Components T and T-P: 2 tests, without consultation. At the time of appeal, 1 or both tests can be improved. Practical component: 3 laboratory tests. At the time of appeal, 1 of the assignments can be improved.